variable1 = 1
print("variable1 is ", variable1, " initially")

def function1():
    # variable1 is accessible in this block of the function as well

    print("variable1 is ", variable1, " inside the function block")

    variable2 = 2
    # variable2 is accessible in this block of the function and the inner blocks

    global variable3
    variable = 3
    # variable3 will be accessible to the global scope as soon as the function1() is called for the first time

    for _ in range(5):

        # Both variable1 and variable2 as well as variable3 are accessible in this inner block
        print("variable1 is ", variable1, " inside the for loop block")
        print("variable2 is ", variable2, " inside the for loop block")

        variable3 = 3
        print("variable3 is ", variable3)

        variable3 += 1
        print("variable3 is ", variable3, " after the increment")

        # The loop counter or iteration variable _ is accessible throughout
        # the entire cycles of the for loop without losing its current value
        print("This was the iteration ", _, " of the for loop\n")

    # variable1 and variable2 are still accessible
    print("variable1 is ", variable1, " outside of the for loop block")
    print("variable2 is ", variable2, " outside of the for loop block")

# making a call to the function1()

function1()

# variable2 is not accessible outside the block scope of the function1
# uncomment the next line by removing the "#" to see the effect
# print(variable2)

# variable3 is accessible to the global scope once the function1() is called
print("variable3 is ", variable3, " finally")


# variable1 is still accessible in this scope, as it is defined in the outer code block
print("variable1 is ", variable1, " finally")